European Honey Bee
The European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a well-known and widely domesticated species of bee that is famous for its important role in pollinating crops and producing honey. European honey bees are social insects that live in organized colonies consisting of a queen, drones, and worker bees. They are highly valued by humans for their honey production, and are also important pollinators of many crops, making them a crucial component of global agriculture.
Appearance:-
- The European honey bee (Apis mellifera) is a small insect, with a length of about 1.2 centimetres (0.5 inches).
- They have a fuzzy yellow and black striped abdomen and a relatively hairless head and thorax, which are also covered in stripes.
- Worker bees and drones have large compound eyes and a pair of antennae used for navigation and communication.
- They have four wings and six legs, which are used for flight, gathering nectar and pollen, and building and maintaining the hive.
- The queen bee is larger than the workers and drones, with a longer abdomen and a more elongated shape.
Life Cycle:-
- The life cycle of the European honey bee begins when a queen bee lays an egg in a honeycomb cell.
- The egg hatches into a larva, which is fed by worker bees with a mixture of pollen and honey called “royal jelly.”
- The larva undergoes several molts and transforms into a pupa, during which it undergoes metamorphosis and develops into an adult bee.
- After about 21 days, the adult bee chews its way out of the cell and joins the colony as a worker bee.
- The queen bee has a longer development time of 16 days and develops into a larger adult bee.
- Male bees, known as drones, are produced from unfertilized eggs and develop in larger cells in the honeycomb. They do not have a stinger and their sole purpose is to mate with the queen.
- The lifespan of a worker bee is typically 4-6 weeks, while the queen bee can live for several years.
Habits:-
- European honey bees are highly social insects that live in organized colonies of up to 60,000 individuals.
- They communicate with each other using pheromones and a complex system of dances to indicate the location of food sources.
- Honey bees are important pollinators of many crops, including fruits, vegetables, and nuts, and play a vital role in global agriculture.
- They collect nectar and pollen from flowers to feed the colony and produce honey and beeswax.
- Honeybees have a complex hierarchical social structure, with the queen bee at the top, followed by worker bees and drones.
- They build intricate honeycomb structures made of beeswax to store honey and raise brood.
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